VoNR Call Setup — Successful End-to-End

A customer reports that VoNR calls are working perfectly, but they want to understand what is happening under the hood. You have captured a successful VoNR call setup from UE_A (caller, +919876543210) to UE_B (callee, +919876543211). The trace includes SIP signalling between UE_A, P-CSCF (10.45.1.5), S-CSCF (10.45.1.7), and UE_B, plus the dedicated QoS flow setup on N2/N4. Take your time — this is the happy path, not a fire. Focus on the flow of information. Your job: trace the call end-to-end. Find where the voice media (RTP) gets a dedicated QoS flow, identify the 5QI used, and understand the SDP offer/answer negotiation. By the end of this lab you should be able to draw the call-flow diagram for VoNR from memory and know which 3GPP specs (TS 24.229, TS 23.501 §5.7.4, TS 29.514, TS 38.413) describe each hop.