Conformance vs interoperability vs field testing

Three Distinct Test Phases

Cellular IoT testing involves three complementary phases, each catching different kinds of issues. Conformance testing: verifies the device implements 3GPP protocols correctly per specification. Performed in controlled lab environment using test equipment (Spirent CTS, Keysight TS-5410, Anritsu MD8475B). Tests pass/fail against well-defined criteria. GCF/PTCRB certification is based on conformance test results. Interoperability (IOT) testing: verifies the device works with real operator network equipment, including various vendor combinations. Lab environment with real or near-real operator…