Lab: Battery life calculation for an agritech sensor

Lab Scenario: Soil-Moisture Sensor with 7-Year Target

You are designing a soil-moisture sensor for an agritech deployment. Requirements: deploy in remote vineyards with no AC power; report soil moisture and temperature twice daily; battery life target 7 years on 2 AA lithium primary cells; operate across -20°C to +50°C ambient temperature range. The lab walks through computing the battery budget, identifying the components of consumption, and verifying the design meets the target. The systematic calculation is exactly how production cellular IoT engineers validate designs before tape-out.