Closed-loop automation: monitor -> analyze -> decide -> act (MADA)

The MADA Closed-Loop Model

Closed-loop automation follows the Monitor-Analyze-Decide-Act cycle that enables autonomous network operations. The Monitor phase collects real-time telemetry from network elements via streaming protocols (gNMI, SNMP, PM counters). Analyze applies analytics and ML models to detect anomalies, predict trends, and identify root causes. Decide evaluates possible actions against policies, constraints, and risk models to select the optimal response. Act executes the chosen action through configuration APIs or orchestration workflows. The loop repeats continuously, creating a self-managing system…