Antenna parameters

Gain, Beamwidth, and Pattern

Every antenna datasheet includes critical parameters for RF planning. Gain (dBi) measures how much the antenna focuses energy — passive 4T4R panels achieve 15–18 dBi, while 64T64R AAUs reach 23–25 dBi effective gain with beamforming. Horizontal beamwidth determines angular coverage: 65° for standard 3-sector sites, 33° for 6-sector. Vertical beamwidth is typically 6–12° for macro antennas — narrower means more focused energy toward the ground. Front-to-back ratio should exceed 25 dB to minimize interference to co-located sectors behind the antenna.