Spectrum options: dedicated licensed, shared (CBRS/n48/n77), license-exempt

Dedicated Licensed Spectrum

Dedicated licensed spectrum offers the highest quality of service for private 5G networks. Enterprises can obtain spectrum directly from regulators in countries like Germany, Japan, and the UK through local licensing programs. Licensed spectrum provides exclusive access within a geographic area, eliminating interference from neighboring deployments. Bands commonly allocated include n77 and n78 in the 3.5 GHz range. The trade-off is cost and complexity — spectrum auctions or licensing fees can be substantial, and the application process may take months depending on the regulatory jurisdiction.