Green KPIs: energy per bit, energy per area, carbon footprint tracking

Standardized Green KPIs

The telecom industry has standardized four Green KPIs for energy benchmarking. EC/GB (Energy Consumption per gigabyte) measures how much electricity is needed to deliver one gigabyte of data — 5G typically achieves 0.1-0.3 kWh/GB compared to 0.5-1.5 kWh/GB for 4G. EC/km2 (Energy per coverage area) measures the energy cost of providing geographic coverage. CO2e (Carbon dioxide equivalent) converts energy consumption to greenhouse gas emissions using the local grid emission factor (0.2-0.9 kg CO2/kWh depending on country). Renewable Energy Ratio tracks the percentage of site power from solar,…