Handover parameter optimization: A3 offset, TTT, hysteresis, CIO

A3 Event and Offset

Handover parameters control when, how fast, and to which cell the UE transitions during mobility. Incorrect settings cause handover failures, ping-pong, or unnecessary handovers. The A3 Event (neighbor becomes amount better than serving) is the primary intra-frequency handover trigger in NR. The A3 offset (typically 1-6 dB, default 2-3 dB) defines how much stronger the target cell must be compared to the serving cell before the event condition is satisfied. A lower A3 offset triggers handovers earlier, reducing too-late handover risk but increasing ping-pong. A higher A3 offset delays…