Ping-pong handover problem and solutions

The Ping-Pong Problem

Ping-pong handover occurs when a UE repeatedly switches between two cells at the cell edge where signal levels from both cells are similar and fluctuating. Each unnecessary handover wastes radio resources, increases signaling load on the gNB and AMF, and may cause brief data interruptions. The root cause is typically a combination of low hysteresis values and short Time-to-Trigger settings that allow small signal fluctuations to trigger A3 events back and forth between the two cells.